John Herbert Phillips High School is a former Birmingham City Schools flagship high school located on the full city block between 7th and 8th Avenue North and 23rd and 24th Streets in the Central City neighborhood. The high school was dedicated on Memorial Day, May 30, 1923, replacing the former Central High School which was destroyed by fire in 1918. It became a landmark in the history of school integration when Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth was viciously beaten when he tried to enroll a group of African-American students, one of whom was his daughter, in 1957. The school is named for Birmingham's first superintendent of schools, Dr John Herbert Phillips, who served from 1883 until his death in 1921. The original enrollment was 2,453 students, which swelled to over 3,000 the second year. The high school served all of central Birmingham, with Ensley High School and Woodlawn High School taking students from the west and east sections of the city respectively. Birmingham's black students attended Industrial High School. In 2001 Carver High School supplanted Phillips as Birmingham's main high school, with Phillips being converted to use as a professional development center and as a temporary location for elementary schools to hold classes while their own buildings were renovated. The school is a centerpiece of the Park Place Apartments, a redevelopment of the former Metropolitan Gardens public housing for mixed-income residents.